Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder and Auditory Processing Disorder

Auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD): a pattern of preserved receptor responses with abnormal auditory neural transmission. Typical findings are absent/grossly abnormal ABR with present OAE and/or cochlear microphonic; hearing thresholds range from normal to profound. ^{BSA infant ANSD guidance, 2019}

Auditory processing disorder (APD) describes significant listening difficulty involving processing of sound, often with a normal audiogram. It is not interchangeable with ANSD, and language, attention and cognition must be assessed.

A normal audiogram or OAE does not invalidate listening difficulty. Establish the functional problem, check peripheral hearing and select tests that will change support or management. ^{BSA APD position/practice guidance, 2018}