Oral hygiene helps prevent periodontal disease by eliminating plaque. As stated above, the presence of periodontal pathogens, although necessary to cause the disease, is not sufficient. In fact, the probability ratio of developing periodontal disease in a person who harbors one of the supposed periodontal pathogens is not high enough to consider them a risk factor (Ezzo and Cutler, 200). Actinomycetemcomitan does not confer any additional risk of developing localized aggressive periodontitis in adults, although its presence is necessary for the disease to develop (Buchmann, et al.
It has been shown that Prevotella intermedia, P. gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum may be indicators of periodontal disease risk in a diverse population, although they are not risk factors (Alpagot et al. Smoking and type 1 and 2 diabetes are well-established risk factors for periodontal disease, while etiological microorganisms P. Genetic polymorphisms have also been investigated, especially with regard to IL1, but also to tumor necrosis factor (TNF), human leukocyte antigen (HLA) and others, although strictly speaking they cannot generally be considered markers or indicators of risk.
Similarly, susceptibility to periodontal disease may result from defects in neutrophil function. In the case of localized aggressive periodontitis, the defect may be relatively benign. In the most serious conditions of neutrophil dysfunction, the incidence may be so low or the disease so debilitating that it prevents a rigorous analysis of periodontal relationships. Future studies are likely to focus on understanding the relationship between genetic and environmental factors and also on the rapid and practical identification of people at risk, and will allow us to adapt therapy to better suit the needs of our patients as individuals and, therefore, achieve better results.
A diet low in important nutrients can compromise the body's immune system and make it difficult for the body to fight infections. Because periodontal disease begins as an infection, poor nutrition can worsen the condition of the gums. In addition, research has shown that obesity may increase the risk of periodontal disease. This knowledge has allowed us to concentrate efforts on developing markers that allow us to identify susceptible people before they develop periodontitis and identify risk factors that could be modified to prevent or alter the course of periodontal disease.
CDC efforts include (developing measures for use in periodontal disease surveillance at the state and local levels), (improving the validity of prevalence estimates derived from the NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey), improving the accuracy of the clinical examination protocols used in this national survey, and (developing simple measures to detect periodontal disease in clinical settings). Household use of interdental cleaning devices, in addition to toothbrushing, to prevent and control periodontal disease and tooth decay. Acute periodontal injuries (periodontal abscesses and necrotizing periodontal diseases) and endoperiodontal injuries. CDC is currently working with key partner organizations, such as the American Academy of Periodontics and the American Dental Association, to improve and maintain surveillance for periodontal disease in adults.
With the knowledge of the possible links between periodontal disease and systemic health that has emerged over the past decade, research on susceptibility to periodontal disease has acquired broader importance. So, only a dental health professional can remove tartar and stop the process of periodontal disease. Although bacterial infection is the etiologic agent of periodontal disease, studies of identical twins suggest that 50% of the susceptibility to periodontal disease is due to host factors (Michalowicz et al. Similarly, it has been demonstrated that indigenous and relatively isolated populations develop different periodontal or periodontal diseases that differ from one group to another (Dowsett et al.
The new classification has eliminated the distinction that was previously made between chronic periodontitis and aggressive periodontitis. Periodontitis is an inflammation of the supporting tissues of the teeth that occurs when the gum tissues separate from the tooth and the groove, forming periodontal pockets. . .
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